PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
  • Home
  • Introduction
  • Content
    • Petroleum Geochemistry
    • Origin of Petroleum >
      • Evaluation of Source Rocks
      • Generation & Migration
      • Geologic Time
    • Accumulation and Traps >
      • Basin Environment
      • Structural Trap
      • Stratigraphic Trap
    • The Reservoir >
      • The Subsurface Environment
      • Reservoir rocks >
        • Sedimentary rocks
        • Rock properties
      • Recovery Techniques
      • Conventional Fluids
      • Nonconventional Fluids
      • Petrophysics
      • Reservoir Estimation
    • Shale oil >
      • History of Shale oil
      • Oil Shale
      • Shale oil extraction
    • More about Petroleum >
      • Types of drilling bits
      • Drilling Fluids/Mud and Components
      • Oil-Rich Countries
      • Facts about Petroleum
      • Oil Measurement Unit
      • Forecast of Energy Usage
      • Exploration Techniques
      • Geologist & Engineer
      • Impacts on environment
      • World Reserves
      • Petroleum in Thailand
      • NOC & IOC
      • Digital Oilfields
      • Career in PE
      • Blowout Preventer(BOP)
      • HSE Basic Concepts
    • Geophysics >
      • Geophysical surveys for petroleum
    • From Exploration to Refining
    • Well logging
    • Real-Time Oil Price
    • Glossary of Oil and Gas Terms
  • Contact
  • About
  • Blog

Basin Environment

Author Phoomphavis Boonsrirojna      Editor Poomisant Srimaharaja

What is a basin?
From the dictionary, basin is an open shallow usually a round container used especially for holding liquids. (from www.thefreedictionary.com)

Here we will talk about basin that is a sedimentary basin not the basin that is used in the toilet, so it is a geological basin.
But from this definition it is still hard to understand, so the best way is to show you some pictures of the basins.
​
Picture
The Michigan Basin
​So, in this picture you can see that this basin is pulled downward and it has a characteristic that can keep liquid in the bottom of it.
​


Why this is important? 
When we start the exploration for petroleum, one of the first places that has a chance to contain oil and gas usually is place that has basin characteristic. This why the type of basins is the thing that is important to know.
​

Type of basins
1. Rift-related basins
a) Rift basin: happen when the continental crust is rifting.
Example: East Africa Rift
Picture
Rift basin that create a Rift valley.

b) Passive margin basin: mostly due to long-term accumulation of sediments on the continental shelf.
Example:  East coast of North America
Picture
Passive Margin Basin.
Picture
The Thingvellir fracture zone at Thingvellir National Park in southwestern Iceland.

​2. Subduction-related basins
​a) Trench: one plate subducting(downward) and other one upward.
Example: Western edge of Vancouver Island.
Picture

b) Forearc basic: The area between the accretionary wedge and the magmatic arc, largely caused by the negative buoyancy of the subducting plate pulling down on the overlying continental crust.
Example: Georgia Strait
Picture


​c) Foreland basin: the weight of a large mountain on the overlying continental crust cause the basin
Example: The sediment filled plain south of the Himalayas
Picture
Because of the gravity, the weight of mountain cause the basin to form.
Picture
Himalayas: One of the most important and beautiful mountains in the world and separating Indain subcontinental from the Tibetan Plateau.

​​d) Strike-slip basin: caused by the slip between two plate, creating down-dropped block.
Example: Various locations on the San Andreas Fault or the Anatolian Fault
Picture

​Reference:
https://media1.britannica.com
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalayas
https://web.viu.ca
Powered by Create your own unique website with customizable templates.
  • Home
  • Introduction
  • Content
    • Petroleum Geochemistry
    • Origin of Petroleum >
      • Evaluation of Source Rocks
      • Generation & Migration
      • Geologic Time
    • Accumulation and Traps >
      • Basin Environment
      • Structural Trap
      • Stratigraphic Trap
    • The Reservoir >
      • The Subsurface Environment
      • Reservoir rocks >
        • Sedimentary rocks
        • Rock properties
      • Recovery Techniques
      • Conventional Fluids
      • Nonconventional Fluids
      • Petrophysics
      • Reservoir Estimation
    • Shale oil >
      • History of Shale oil
      • Oil Shale
      • Shale oil extraction
    • More about Petroleum >
      • Types of drilling bits
      • Drilling Fluids/Mud and Components
      • Oil-Rich Countries
      • Facts about Petroleum
      • Oil Measurement Unit
      • Forecast of Energy Usage
      • Exploration Techniques
      • Geologist & Engineer
      • Impacts on environment
      • World Reserves
      • Petroleum in Thailand
      • NOC & IOC
      • Digital Oilfields
      • Career in PE
      • Blowout Preventer(BOP)
      • HSE Basic Concepts
    • Geophysics >
      • Geophysical surveys for petroleum
    • From Exploration to Refining
    • Well logging
    • Real-Time Oil Price
    • Glossary of Oil and Gas Terms
  • Contact
  • About
  • Blog